We created this page many years ago with papers that were of interest. Although these papers are still relevant, this page is no longer being updated.
For recent papers, see the individual pages on this website. Scroll to the References heading at the end of each page.
Tests
A limitation of 2-stage serological testing for Lyme disease: enzyme immunoassay and immunoblot assay are not independent tests
Comparative evaluation of two enzyme linked immunosorbent assay methods and three Western Blot methods for the diagnosis of culture-confirmed early Lyme borreliosis in Italy
Comparison of Western immunoblotting and the C6 Lyme antibody test for laboratory detection of Lyme disease
Diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis using enzyme immunoanalysis
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescent assay, and recombinant immunoblotting in the serodiagnosis of early Lyme borreliosis
Evaluation of fifteen commercially available serological tests for diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis.
Generalizability in two clinical trials of Lyme disease
Useful
Bilateral simultaneous facial paralysis–differential diagnosis and treatment options. A case report and review of literature.
C6 test as an indicator of therapy outcome for patients with localized or disseminated lyme borreliosis.
Comparison of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains isolated from specimens obtained simultaneously from two different sites of infection in individual patients.
Comparison of In Vitro Activities of Ketolides, Macrolides, and an Azalide against the Spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi
Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi DNA and complement membrane attack complex deposits in the sural nerve of a patient with chronic polyneuropathy and tertiary Lyme disease.
Differential Survival of Lyme Borreliosis Spirochetes in Ticks That Feed on Birds
Emergence of lyme arthritis after autologous chondrocyte transplantation.
Genetic diversity among Borrelia strains determined by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of the ospC gene and its association with invasiveness.
Global Change and Human Vulnerability to Vector-Borne Diseases
Interaction of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato with Epstein-Barr virus in lymphoblastoid cells
Is Lyme disease always poly microbial?–The jigsaw hypothesis.
Limited role of rodents as reservoirs of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Ireland.
Lyme arthritis in a 12-year-old patient after a latency period of 5 years.
Panic attacks may reveal previously unsuspected chronic disseminated lyme disease
PCR-reverse line blot typing method underscores the genomic heterogeneity of Borrelia valaisiana species and suggests its potential involvement in Lyme disease.
Risk and prevention of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis and other tick-borne diseases.
Role of outer membrane architecture in immune evasion of Treponema and Borrelia burgdorferi.
Serodiagnosis of erythema migrans and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans by the Borrelia burgdorferi flagellum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
The differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: classification and clinical features of relapsing and progressive neurological syndromes.
Tick-borne infections in children: epidemiology, clinical manifestations and optimal management strategies
Vitamin A, E and C serum concentration of patients showing antibodies anti-Borrelia burgdorferi presence–non-symptomatic carriers
Vector Interactions and Molecular Adaptations of Lyme Disease and Relapsing Fever Spirochetes Associated with Transmission by Ticks
Other Lyme
An experimental study of the capacity of the rat mite Ornithonyssus bacoti (Hirst, 1913) to ingest, maintain and transmit Borrelia.
Analysis of the ability of spirochete species associated with relapsing fever, avian borreliosis, and epizootic bovine abortion to bind factor H and cleave c3b.
Analysis of weather effects on variability in Lyme disease incidence
Borrelia burgdorferi Binds to, Invades, and Colonizes Native Type I Collagen Lattices
Borreliosis associated with Lofgren’s syndrome
Capillary feeding of specific dsRNA induces silencing of the isac gene in nymphal Ixodes scapularis ticks.
Cardiac abnormalities of lyme borreliosis
Enzootic transmission of Babesia divergens among cottontail rabbits on Nantucket Island, Massachusetts.
Fluorine-18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography studies of acute brainstem Lyme neuroborreliosis
Geographical and seasonal correlation of multiple sclerosis to sporadic schizophrenia
Immunogenicity of Borrelia burgdorferi arthritis-related protein.
Invasion of human skin fibroblasts by the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi.
Isolation of Lyme Disease Borrelia from Puffins (Fratercula arctica) and Seabird Ticks (Ixodes uriae) on the Faeroe Islands
Lyme polyradiculoneuropathy presenting as increasing abdominal girth.
Lyme disease in the eighteenth century
Populations of Human T Lymphocytes That Traverse the Vascular Endothelium Stimulated by Borrelia burgdorferi Are Enriched with Cells That Secrete Gamma Interferon
Prevalence of infection with Francisella tularensis, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in rodents from an endemic focus of tularemia in Bulgaria
Risk of tick-borne bacterial diseases among workers of Roztocze National Park (south-eastern Poland).
Seroprevalence of anti-Borrelia antibodies among patients with confirmed sarcoidosis in a region of Japan where Lyme borreliosis is endemic.
Substantial Rise in the Prevalence of Lyme Borreliosis Spirochetes in a Region of Western Germany over a 10-Year Period
Survey of tickborne infections in Denmark
The affection of the population with Borrelia and the incidence of Lyme disease
The ecology of infectious disease: effects of host diversity and community composition on Lyme disease risk.
Unusual features in the epidemiology of Lyme borreliosis
Other Tick Borne Diseases
An Unusual Case of Cat-Scratch Disease from Bartonella quintana Mimicking Inflammatory Breast Cancer in a 50-Year-Old Woman.
Anti-babesial compounds from Curcuma zedoaria
Bartonella henselae bacteraemia in domestic cats from Auckland.
Bartonellosis and a possible role of Ixodes ticks (family Ixodidae, order Parasitiformes) in the transmission of pathogenic Bartonella bacteria
Cat or dog ownership and seroprevalence of ehrlichiosis, QFever, and cat-scratch disease
Cervids as Babesiae hosts, Slovenia
Correlation between serum doxycycline concentrations and serologic evolution in patients with Coxiella burnetii endocarditis.
Delayed Clearance of Ehrlichia chaffeensis Infection in CD4(+) T-Cell Knockout Mice dagger.
Disruption of a host-parasite system following the introduction of an exotic host species
Divergent interactions of Ehrlichia chaffeensis- and Anaplasma phagocytophilum-infected leukocytes with endothelial cell barriers.
Enzootic transmission of Anaplasma (Ehrlichia) bovis in Nantucket cottontail rabbits.
Fatal case of endocarditis associated with Bartonella henselae type I infection in a domestic cat
Fatal experimental transplacental Babesia gibsoni infections in dogs
Growth-inhibitory effect of heparin on Babesia parasites.
Molecular characterization of human pathogen Babesia EU1 in Ixodes ricinus ticks from Slovenia
Persistent Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection occurs in the absence of functional major histocompatibility complex class II genes.
Predominance of Ehrlichia ewingii in Missouri dogs.
Sequence and expression analysis of virB9 of the type IV secretion system of Ehrlichia canis strains in ticks, dogs, and cultured cells.
Survival Strategy of Obligately Intracellular Ehrlichia chaffeensis: Novel Modulation of Immune Response and Host Cell Cycles.
Aponomma hydrosauri, the reptile-associated tick reservoir of Rickettsia honei on Flinders Island, Australia.
Chronic polyneuropathies in Vest-Agder, Norway
Impact of mannose-binding lectin on susceptibility to infectious diseases.
Inability of a variant strain of Anaplasma phagocytophilum to infect mice.
Mechanisms of variable p44 expression by Anaplasma phagocytophilum.
Other
Clinical characteristics of post-treatment reactions to ivermectin/albendazole for Wuchereria bancrofti in a region co-endemic for Mansonella perstans.
Dendritic cells phagocytose and are activated by Treponema pallidum.
Eosinophilic meningoencephalitis due to Toxocara canis: case report and review of the literature.
Predictors of response to treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome.
Protection against syphilis correlates with specificity of antibodies to the variable regions of Treponema pallidum repeat protein K.
Study of animal-borne infections in the mucosas of patients with inflammatory bowel disease and population-based controls.
The burden of chronic disease.
Ticks and politics
Transmission of Anaplasma marginale by Boophilus microplus: retention of vector competence in the absence of vector-pathogen interaction.
Abstracts on the persistence of Lyme
A proposal for the reliable culture of Borrelia burgdorferi from patients with chronic Lyme disease, even from those previously aggressively treated
Antibodies against whole sonicated Borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes, 41-kilodalton flagellin, and P39 protein in patients with PCR- or culture-proven late Lyme borreliosis
Borrelia burgdorferi detected by culture and PCR in clinical relapse of disseminated Lyme borreliosis
Borrelia burgdorferi myositis: report of eight patients
Chronic neurologic manifestations of Lyme disease
Chronic septic arthritis caused by Borreliaburgdorferi
Clinical implications of delayed growth of the Lyme borreliosis spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi
Clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, and effect of antibiotic treatment on Lyme borreliosis in dogs.
Cultivation of Borrelia burgdorferi from joint fluid three months after treatment of facial palsy due to Lyme borreliosis
Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi Antigen in Urine from Patients with Lyme Borreliosis
Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi antigens in cerebrospinal fluid
Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi by polymerase chain reaction in synovial membrane, but not in synovial fluid from patients with persisting Lyme arthritis after antibiotic therapy
Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi DNA by polymerase chain reaction in synovial fluid from patients with Lyme arthritis
Diagnostic Hints and Treatment Guidelines for Lyme and Other Tick Borne Illnesses
Electron microscopy and the polymerase chain reaction of spirochetes from the blood of patients with Lyme disease
Evidence-based guidelines for the management of Lyme disease
Experimental Lyme disease in dogs produces arthritis and persistent infection
Fatal adult respiratory distress syndrome in a patient with Lyme disease
Fatal encephalitis caused by concomitant infection with tick-borne encephalitis virus and Borrelia burgdorferi
Fibroblasts protect the Lyme Disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi from ceftriaxone in vitro
First isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi from an iris biopsy
Formation and Cultivation of Borrelia burgdorferi Spheroblast-L Form Variants
Inflammatory brain changes in Lyme borreliosis
Intracellular localization of Borrelia burgdorferi within human endothelial cells
Invasion of human neuronal and glial cells by an infectious strain of Borrelia burgdorferi.
Invasion of human skin fibroblasts by the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi
Invasion of the central nervous system by Borrelia burgdorferi in acute disseminated infection
Isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi from the myocardium of a patient with longstanding cardiomyopathy
Isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi in the cerebrospinal fluid of 3 children with neurological involvement
Kill kinetics of Borrelia burgdorferi and bacterial findings in relation to the treatment of Lyme borreliosis
Latent Lyme neuroborreliosis: presence of Borrelia burgdorferi in the cerebrospinal fluid without concurrent inflammatory signs
Localization of Borrelia burgdorferi in the nervous system and other organs in a nonhuman primate model of Lyme disease
Lyme arthritis in a 12-year-old patient after a latency period of 5 years
Lyme borreliosis–a review of the late stages and treatment of four cases
Lyme Disease: An Infectious and Postinfectious Syndrome
Lyme disease: point/counterpoint.
Lyme disease: The sensible pursuit of answers
Lyme meningoencephalitis: report of a severe, penicillin-resistant case.
Molecular detection of persistent Borrelia burgdorferi in a man with dermatomyositis
Neuroborreliosis in the nonhuman primate: Borrelia burgdorferi persists in the central nervous system
Pars plana vitrectomy in Borrelia burgdorferi endophthalmitis
Persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi in experimentally infected dogs after antibiotic treatment
Persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi in ligamentous tissue from a patient with chronic Lyme Borreliosis
Persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in patients with Lyme borreliosis
Persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in resolved erythema migrans lesions.
Persistence of Borrelia garinii and Borrelia afzelii in patients with Lyme arthritis
Persistence of Organisms for Lyme Arthritis
Persistent PCR Positivity in a patient being treated for Lyme disease
Physician Preferences in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Lyme Disease in the United States
Pulsed high-dose cefotaxime therapy in refractory Lyme Borreliosis
Randomized comparison of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime in Lyme neuroborreliosis
Recurrent and relapsing borreliosis of the nervous system
Recurrent erythema migrans despite extended antibiotic treatment with minocycline in a patient with persisting Borrelia burgdorferi infection
Seronegative Chronic Relapsing Neuroborreliosis
Spirochetes in the spleen of a patient with chronic Lyme disease
Subacute multiple-site osteomyelitis caused by Borrelia burgdorferi
Successful treatment of Lyme encephalopathy with intravenous ceftriaxone
Survival of Borrelia burgdorferi in antibiotically treated patients with Lyme borreliosis
The fate of Borrelia burgdorferi in mouse macrophages: destruction, survival, recovery
The long-term clinical outcomes of Lyme disease. A population-based retrospective cohort study
The Lyme Wars: time to listen
The persistence of spirochetal nucleic acids in active Lyme arthritis
The western immunoblot for Lyme disease: determination of sensitivity, specificity, and interpretive criteria with use of commercially available performance panels
Treatment of Late Lyme Borreliosis
Treatment of refractory chronic Lyme arthritis with arthroscopic synovectomy
Lancet Articles
Controversy brewing over Lyme disease testing sfwoodcock, Chair, Lyme Disease Action (Registered Charity). Lancet Infectious Diseases 2006;
Real numbers of Lyme patients are not known in the UK sfwoodcock, Chair, Lyme Disease Action (Registered Charity). Lancet 2005; comment
A personal experience of borreliosis in the UK A Tweedie, AHP, not given. Lancet 2005; comment
The gaps underneath the surface Stella Huyshe. Lancet 2005; comment
Lyme disease: scratching the surface S Phillips et Al. The Lancet 2005; 366:1771
Reply to Lyme borreliosis: perspective of a scientist–patient. S Woodcock Chairperson, Lyme Disease Action. The Lancet Infectious Diseases Feb 2005; 70-71.
Lyme borreliosis: perspective of a scientist–patient. Hamlen R. Lancet Infect Dis 2004; 4: 603–4.
Frustrating survey of chronic fatigue. Lancet 1996; 348: 971
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